Oil heater



May 15, 1923. 11,455,164

G. w. COEN OIL HEATER Filed Sept. 28, 1921 Patented May is, was.

UNETEfi TATES htthltt FATEWT OFFHGEO GARNET W. (mm, 0]? SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

OIL HEATER.

Application filed September 28, 1921. Serial No. 503,728.

useful Improvements in Oil Heaters, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to liquid heaters and especially to a simplified form of the structure shown in my 00- ending application entitled, Oil heater filed April 13, 1921, Serial No. 461,078.

One of the objects of the present invention is to generally improve and simplify the construction of oil heaters and especially to provide a structure which will permit a maximum heat transfer to be obtained-between the hcatin medium and the oil or liquid to be heats high efficiency being obtained in this instance, first, by maintaining the oil in ribbon or film-like condition during its passage through the heater, second, by maintaining the oil in a state of agitation by a high velocity; and third, byproviding an exceedingly large heating surface which the steam or other heating medium employed can efficiently act upon.

Another object of the invention is to construct aheater which may be readily taken apart for inspection, repairs, etc., but particularly for the purpose of cleaning the same, and which when taken apart will present an exposed surface readily accessible for'cleaning by scraping, brushing, or otherwise.

Another object of the invention is to provide a heater which is simple, compact, and substantial in construction, cheap to manufacture and in which all parts are free to expand without danger of imposing strains )n the assembled or connected parts. Further to provide a structure in which stufling. boxes and like connections may be eliminated, thus avoiding leakage both of the liquid to be heated and the heating medium employed.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in wliich Figure 1 IS a central, vertical, longitudinal section through the heater.

' Fig. 2 is a cross section taken on line 22,

Fig. 1.

Crude oils or residuum such as employed today for fuel purposes, and particularly crude oils derived from an asphalt base are becoming thicker and more viscous as time passes due to the greater extraction of gaso-.

line, kerosene and other by-products. Crude oils of this character when obtained from the refiners are often so thick and viscous that the oil must be heated to atemperature of from 200 to 800 degrees Fahrenheit before it is rendered sufficiently liquid to be readily handled and efficiently atomized by the burners. The heating of fuel oil is therefore not only a necessity, due to the reasons specified, but it also presents a dif ficult problem in actual practice as the heaters rapidly lose their efficiency due to the formation of deposits of carbon, asphalt,

sand, etc., on the surfaces through which the heat transfer takes place. Such deposits are, practically speaking, non-conductors of heat and they form a coating which bakes and hardens on the heat transferring surfaces and furthermore gradually clogs the passages through'which the oil is forced. It can therefore be readily seen that unless such accumulations or deposits are removed from time to time, the heater will become so inetficient as to bepractically useless.

Haring these problems and conditions to encounter, T have developed a heater which is particularly adapted to handle crude oils such as referred to and which will efficiently heat a given volume of oil if cleaned from time to time. One of the main features of the present invention is, therefore, the provision of a heater which permits a maximum heat transfer at all times and which may be readily and quickly taken apart for cleaning whenever necessary; further a heater in which the steam or heating medium em ploycd may be utilized to obtain the greatest efficiency possible. I have accordingly constructed a heater consisting of two interspaced cylindrical shells or casings adapted to telescope or nest one within the other, "as indicated at 2 and 3.- These casings are interspaced as shown to form a liquid flow passage 4 and a centrally disposed heating inner shell. or casing 3 is similarly provided with an integral head member 12 and the loWer end of the' casing is also provided with an outwardly extending annular flange 1d. The low'er'end or the casing is closed by means of a bottom head member 15 which is Welded or otherwise secured as shown at 16. i I

Surrounding the inner shell 3 is a spiral shaped spacing member 19. This member is Welded or otherwise secured to the exterior face of the inner casing and serves two functions: first, that of maintaining a predetermined spacing between the shells 2 and 3, and second, that of forming spiral shaped passage through which the oil or liquid to be heated must pass during its flow through the heater. 'lllie'inlet for the oil is formed at the point indicated'st and this inlet is connected through the medium of a pipe ill With a pump not shown, which will lorce the oil through the heater at a comparatively high velocity. The oil, in other Words, enters the lower end of the spiral shaped passage, discharges from the upper end of said passage into a chamber 22 formed be tween the head member; 6 and 1?, and it is finally discharged through pipe 23, prel erably welded to the upper head S as indicated at 24:. The lower head member 15 is provided with two op lugs through which passes steam inlet pipe and an outlet pipe 24 Both pipes ar welded with relation to the bottom sect 15 to avoid the use of stir-fling boxes or cellar connections. The inlet pipe is connected with. boiler or other suitable source of siipply, While the discharge pipe 24", through which the con densate discharges, is com :ed with a trap or other means not here s r As previously stated in the specification one of the features or the present invention is to permit removal or separation of one shell or casing" with relation to the other. To permit such removal. it obvious theta sliding or-teiescoping lit ii-rust be maintained between the two casings, Further, that means must be provided v ich permits the casings to be readil scour cd with relation to each other or released. when separation or removal is required, This is accomplished by fianging the lovver of the respective casings as indicated at "2' and let. gasket 30 is placed between the flanges and the flanges drawn together by means of a pair of clamping rings and 32 and by bolts passing therethrough as indicated at 33. By placing the bolts as shown. in Figs. 1 and 2, it is obvious drilling the flanges l and 14- is avoided, thus materially reducing the cost of menulecture ll it is desired to remove the inner casing or shell 3, it is accomplished by releasing the bolts 33 and removing the lower clamping ring 32. "When this has been accomplished,

readies it will only be necessary to exert a pull either on the outer or on. the inner casing. 'lhc'two casings will then separate and the respective surfaces exposed to the oil will then be in readiness for cleaning, by scraping, brushing or otherwise After the cleaning operation has been accomplished, it is only necessary to assemble the casings and to replace the clamping rings '31 and and the bolts 33; a gasket 30 being of course interposed between the flanges and id to maintain. an oil tight joint; lit can thereforebe seen that the operation of separating and cleaningthe respective parts of the heater is Very-sim 'ile and may be readily and quickly all accomplished whenever desired further that leakage of the oil is reduced to a minimum due to the fact that a single packing suri ace. or that indicated at is all is required. Again, that stalling bones and the 35 4 lilre may be entirely eliminated and leakage or either oil or the heating medium prevented as the pipes 21., 24 and all Welded with relation to the head l5 and the till casing 3.

While certain features of the pre 1 vention are more or less specifically illustrated, i wish it understood that various changes in form and proportion be resorted to ithin the scope or the a} Jenderl claims, similarly that the materials and finish oi" the several parts employed in be such as the experience and judgment the 'ianufacturer may dictate or varying uses may demand' 3w Having thus described my invention, What l claim. and desire to secure by; letters Patent is' 1. A heater comprising of concentric cylindrical telescoping shells,

being interspaced to form an annular flow passage between the shells, an head inernl er for each shell forming a closure for the upper end thereof, said l c: ed, a head member fr and Welded thereto, said nieni ing an inner heating medium c means for circulating} a heating therethrough, means for flfilll'littll the lower end of the annular llow means for discharging; the oil from per end thereof, an annular outwa tending mange formed on the lower each shell and one disposed on top or i other, and an annular damping member ongaging flanges.

2. A heater comprising a pair concentric cylindrical telescopin shells, said shells being interspaced to form n annular liquid flow passage between the shells, an integral head inelnber'for each shell forming closure for the upper end thereof, said heads be ing' interspaced, a head nernber forming a closure for the lower end. the shell nannies and welded thereto, said head member forming an inner heating medium chamber, means for circulating a heating medium therethrough, means for admitting oil to the lower end of the annular flow passage, means for discharging the oil from the upper end thereof, an annular outwardly extending flange formed on the lower end of each shell and one disposed on top of the other, avgasket interposed between the flanges, an upper and a lower annular clamping ring engaging the respective flanges, and bolts connecting the respective clamping rings.

3. In a heater of the character described, the combination with an inner and an outer shell,' of an annular outwardly extending flange formed on the lower end of each shell, said flanges being disposed one on top of the other, a gasket adapted to be interposed between said flange's, a pair of rings disposedone above and one below the flanges, and bolts extending through the rings to draw the rings and the flanges together.

4, In a heater of the character described an inner and an'outer cylindrical shell, said shells being interspaced with relation to each other to form an annular li uid flow passage, an annular outwardly extending flange formed on the lower end of each shell, said fl'anges being disposed one above the other, a packing member interposed between the flanges, means for drawing the flanges together, a head member secured in the lower end of the inner shell, an inlet and an outshells being interspaced with relation to each other to form an annular liquid flow passage, an annular outwardly extending flange formed on the lower end of each shell, said flanges being disposed one above the other, a packing member interposed between the flanges, means for drawing the flanges together, a head member secured in the lower end of the inner shell, an inlet and an outlet pipe connected with said head member,

shells being interspaced with relation to each other to form an annular liquid flow'passage, an annular outwardly extending flange formed on the lower end of each shell, said flanges being disposed one above the other,

a packing member interposed between the flanges, means for drawing the flanges together, a head member secured in the lower end of the inner shell, an inlet and an outlet pipe connected with said head member, a delivery pipe connected with the lower end of the inner shell and communicating with the annular flow passage, a spiral shaped spacing member secured on the exterior surface of the inner shell and extending from end to end thereof, a pair of interspaced head members one for each shell forming a closure for the upper end thereof, and an outlet pipe connected with the head member on the exterior shell, the head member on the upper end of the inner shell being concaved to form a deflecting surface.

GARNET W. CGEN, 

